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October CPI shocks markets, reinforcing Fed’s path to a December rate hike as inflation data reshapes expectations and investor positioning.
The Consumer Price Index unexpectedly eased in October from September’s elevated reading, yet still exceeded forecasts and remains markedly above the Federal Reserve’s 2% objective. This persistent inflationary pressure increases the likelihood of another rate increase at the Fed’s final policy meeting of the year.
Monthly movements: The overall CPI climbed 0.4% in October, down from September’s 0.6% but higher than the 0.3% economists had anticipated. Core CPI — stripping out volatile food and energy components — advanced 0.3%, matching September’s pace and beating the 0.2% estimate.
Notably, the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish a year-over-year CPI figure for October because there was no October 2025 report available amid the then-ongoing government shutdown.
Market and asset reactions: Cryptocurrency markets softened, with Bitcoin slipping about 1% to roughly $73,600. U.S. equity futures turned lower as well: the Nasdaq 100 was down approximately 1.15% and the S&P 500 fell about 0.5% as traders digested the data.
Interest rates and Fed expectations: Yields climbed following the inflation release and comments from Fed Governor Chris Waller, who suggested a December hike could be appropriate even if CPI softened. Waller also left open the possibility of a 50-basis-point move should inflation surprise to the upside.
| Security | Change |
|---|---|
| 10-year Treasury yield | Up ~6.5 basis points to 4.93% |
| 2-year Treasury yield | Up ~14 basis points to 4.69% |
Implication: With inflation running hotter than expected and Fed officials signaling readiness to act, markets are pricing in an elevated probability of further policy tightening in December, including the possibility — however small — of a larger 50-basis-point adjustment.